The difference lies entirely between the concept of ascription and that of achievement. That is, between a society in which the social class of birth is what counts (ascription) and one where initial status does not count and everyone can achieve the goals they desire (achievement). "The concept of social mobility lies in the transition from one to the other," explains Demographer and Bocconi Rector Francesco Billari. “The development of education as a powerful engine of social mobility, first through compulsory schooling and then through university studies (see the latest U7+ statement), is evidence of this trend. The duty of a democratic system is to give everyone the same opportunities knowing that starting conditions are not equal. Thus the issue of removing obstacles to higher education."

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